MacFormat 1995 March/macformat-022.iso/Shareware City/Info/tb/tidbits-246.etx

Internet Message Format | 1994-11-22 | 28.6 KB | [TEXT/unix]

From: [e-mail] (Adam C. Engst)
Subject: TidBITS#246/03-Oct-94
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 94 22:26:39 PDT

TidBITS#246/03-Oct-94
=====================

Plenty of MailBITS about happenings in the computer industry lead
   off the issue, including important notes about Photoshop 3.0 and
   Apple's announcement of new PowerPC-based Performa models.
   Solitaire Till Dawn 2.0 just came out with fifteen new games,
   plans for the second annual WWW conference unfold, Tonya
   announces her Word 6 Starter Kit, and the issue draws to a
   close with the first part of an article discussing Internet
   firewalls.

This issue of TidBITS sponsored in part by:
* APS Technologies -- 800/443-4199 -- <[e-mail]>
   Makers of hard drives, tape drives, and neat SCSI accessories.
   For APS price lists, email: <[e-mail]> <--- NEW!

Copyright 1990-1994 Adam & Tonya Engst. Details at end of issue.
   Automated info: <[e-mail]> Comments: <[e-mail]>
   --------------------------------------------------------------

Topics:
    MailBITS/03-Oct-94
    Solitaire Till Dawn Again
    Second International WWW Conference
    Word 6 Starter Kit
    Firewalls, Part I
    Reviews/03-Oct-94

[Archived as /info-mac/per/tb/tidbits-246.etx; 29K]


MailBITS/03-Oct-94
------------------

**InfoSeek** may turn into a popular Internet service as the
  Internet becomes more commercialized. People continually ask why
  such-and-such isn't available on the Internet, and all too often
  the answer is, "Because they can sell that data, so why would they
  give it away?" InfoSeek has an extremely accurate searching engine
  and some of that sort of data, in this case part of the Ziff-Davis
  Computer Select database of computer publications. InfoSeek
  includes 147 publications (some full text, some just abstracts)
  for a total database of over 79,000 articles (324 MB) ranging from
  Nov-92 to Dec-93. You can search everything with plain English
  queries using a Web browser (although MacWeb and Mosaic 1.0.3
  _don't_ work with InfoSeek - I used Mosaic 2.0a8 successfully, and
  Lynx works fine for command-line folks).

ftp://ftp.tidbits.com/pub/tidbits/tisk/tcp/ncsa-mosaic-20a8-ppc.hqx
ftp://ftp.tidbits.com/pub/tidbits/tisk/tcp/ncsa-mosaic-20a8.hqx

  Until 14-Oct-94, InfoSeek accounts are free; after that they will
  be commercial (InfoSeek plans to automatically close free accounts
  after 15-Oct-94, and you will never be billed as a result of
  having set up a free account), so if you want to play with
  InfoSeek for free to see if full text searching on mainstream
  magazines is useful to you (it's tremendously useful to me), get
  an account soon. After 15-Oct-94, the Computer Select database
  will be brought up to date and maintained, although pricing hasn't
  yet been set. Send email to <[e-mail]> for information on
  how to get an account. They've asked me to request that you put
  "TidBITS" in the Subject line. Feel free to connect to InfoSeek's
  Web site before you get an account, but all you can do without an
  account is browse the list of included publications. [ACE]

http://www.infoseek.com/


**Glenn Fleishman** <[e-mail]> writes to tell us that Adobe
  has joined two other companies whose names start with A (Apple,
  with LaserWriter 8.0, and Aladdin, with StuffIt Expander 3.5) in
  releasing a product without removing code that made the betas
  expire. Thus, Adobe Photoshop 3.0 will self-destruct on 01-Jan-95
  unless you run a patcher that Adobe promises to distribute by
  10-Oct-94. We'll be sure to give a URL for that if we can find
  one. Adobe is recalling copies of Photoshop in the channel and
  will put out new boxes with a 3.0.1 sticker on them. [ACE]


**A PowerPC-based Performa** model joins Apple's lineup of
  consumer-oriented Macintosh models this week. The Macintosh
  Performa 6100 series machines sport a 60 MHz PowerPC 601 processor
  (as does the Power Macintosh 6100/60), and all configurations will
  include an Apple Multiple Scan 15 display, tray-loading CD-ROM
  drive, and Global Village's new TelePort Gold II modem. Various
  models (the 6110CD, 6112CD, 6115CD, 6117CD, and 6118CD) differ in
  hard drive size and bundled software; each chain of retail outlets
  will offer one or two configurations. [MHA]


**PowerBook 500-series** owners should now be able to obtain
  Apple's PCMCIA Expansion Module (item M2995LL/A) from dealers. The
  unit, which fits into one of the battery compartments on a
  PowerBook 520, 520c, 540, or 540c, provides a pair of slots for
  type II PCMCIA cards. The module appeared on Apple's 12-Sep-94
  price lists, and the company expects it will be readily available.
  [MHA]


**Claris** is selling FileMaker Pro 2.1 in the U.S. for a mere $99
  and in Canada for $149 until 31-Dec-94. I'm sure it's purely a
  marketing move, but since FileMaker Pro 2.1 generally sells for
  about $265 discounted, it's worth calling Claris for more
  information if you've been interested in getting FileMaker Pro
  anyway. Claris -- 800-3CLARIS [ACE]


**Nisus Software**, in the throes of releasing the long-awaited
  NisusWriter 4.0, has also shipped QUED/M 2.7, the latest version
  of their programmer's editor. QUED/M 2.7 now has a CodeWarrior
  menu for accessing CodeWarrior commands from within QUED/M,
  Frontier scripting support, and THINK Debugger support. QUED/M is
  also MPW Projector and SourceServer aware. Upgrades are $20 from
  version 2.5 or 2.6, and $49 from version 2.09 or older. Nisus
  Software -- 800/281-0101 -- 619/481-7197 -- 619/481-6154 (fax) --
  <[e-mail]> [ACE]


**QuickDraw GX Printer Drivers** -- It will take time before all
  printers and fax modems have GX drivers, but Andy Ihlenfeldt
  <[e-mail]> passed on some encouraging thoughts.
  "Through my job, I've been interested in GX printing and have had
  various development versions for almost two years. I have
  developed printer drivers under GX and would like to pass on a few
  comments about Apple's GX efforts. Developing a non-GX print
  driver is rather difficult, and I don't believe that a bug-free
  driver can be developed (I have a DeskWriter and am continuously
  annoyed by problems despite Hewlett-Packard having spent dozens of
  person-years on driver development). Under GX, the rasterization
  of the image by the print driver is all handled automatically by
  GX. Additionally, GX can produce output rivalling that of
  PostScript. As a result, good and consistent output should be
  common on printers from many different manufacturers. Finally, it
  is trivial for an experienced Mac developer to produce a printer
  driver for certain classes of printers. Producing a driver for a
  brand-X dot-matrix printer can be done in a matter of days to
  weeks. Perhaps the barrier preventing low-cost PC printers from
  being used by Macs will finally fall. The support provided by the
  GX team to driver developers is extensive. The GX printing team
  seemed interested in helping when I was working with them. I think
  they (and Apple in general) should be commended for their support
  in this area." [TJE]


**Japanese or Chinese Language Kit users** must wait to upgrade to
  System 7.5 until updates for each language kit are released around
  the end of this year. The System 7.5 Read Me file suggests
  upgrading to version 1.1.1 of the language kits, which do not yet
  exist. The QuickDraw GX URGENT Read Me file says the GX software
  requires WorldScript II version 7.2 or later, but in fact the
  language kit update is required as well. [MHA]


**System 7.5** -- The TidBITS-243_ article about upgrading to
  System 7.5 provoked commentary from several readers. Carsten Klapp
  <[e-mail]> wrote, "I for one am _not_ going to rush out
  and buy System 7.5 right away, as I did when System 7.1 came out,
  because Apple does not yet recognize the importance of the people
  who are the first to buy a new product. The early purchasers often
  dictate how well software will sell, because they tell the rest of
  the market whether to buy now, later, or not at all. Ideally I
  would like to see discounts for early purchasers of system
  software along with the discounts for people who purchase the
  software late. Those in the middle pay the full price - they did
  not support the development of the software by buying into it
  early, nor did they wait for the next version."

  People outside the U.S. weren't helped much by the article, since
  I could find little information about how they can upgrade. It
  almost seems that Apple doesn't want anyone outside of the U.S. to
  upgrade. Andrew Pitts <[e-mail]> had this to say,
  "I just rang the U.K. System 7.5 upgrade line (0181-730-2828). My
  pleasure at finding Apple U.K. sufficiently connected to home base
  to have already set up a dedicated phone line for System 7.5 info
  was short lived. I was informed that despite having bought a
  PowerBook 540 a few weeks ago (one of the lucky few, it seems),
  Apple U.K. is charging 30 pounds plus shipping and VAT (coming to
  a grand total of 41.13 pounds, (about U.S. $66) to obtain System
  7.5." [TJE]


**Howard Goldbaum** <[e-mail]> writes:
  The Peoria Art Guild presents Digital Photography '95, a juried
  exhibition to be held 21-Apr-95 to 20-May-95. The entry deadline
  is 01-Feb-95. This is the second year that the Peoria Art Guild
  has sponsored this juried competition to explore current work
  being created in this new medium. The images selected for the
  exhibition will be shown in both the "physical space" of the
  gallery, and in the "virtual space" of computer networks, where
  more than 14,000 people (as of September) have seen the 1994
  exhibit.

http://www.bradley.edu/exhibit/index.html
ftp://ftp.bradley.edu//pub/guild_exhibit/

  The exhibition of winning entries will open on 21-Apr-95 and will
  remain on display at the gallery until 20-May-95. Exhibited work
  may be in any type of two-dimensional print format. Cash prizes
  totaling $500 will be determined by the jurors, Mark Siprut
  (author of The Photoshop Handbook, Random House) and Howard
  Goldbaum (Associate Professor, Bradley University). You may
  download and print out the entry form available online, at the URL
  below. For additional information, email Howard at the address
  above.

ftp://ftp.bradley.edu/pub/dig.photo.contest


Solitaire Till Dawn Again
-------------------------
  by Mark H. Anbinder, News Editor <[e-mail]>
     Director of Technical Services, Baka Industries Inc.

  Last month, Rick Holzgrafe (of Scarab of Ra and Applicon fame)
  released a new version of his popular shareware card game,
  Solitaire Till Dawn. Version 2.0 includes a number of new solo
  card games, unlimited undo and redo, and a larger card display.

  Most obvious will be the fifteen new games in STD 2.0, for a total
  of 24. The package includes two games invented exclusively for
  STD, called Manx and Tabby Cat, along with such classics as
  Klondike, Canfield, Pyramid, Forty Thieves, and Spider. Summaries
  of each game's rules are available online, and the illustrated
  documentation comes in PocketDoc format, which can be read
  onscreen or printed.

  STD offers separate score-keeping and preferences for multiple
  users through the use of individual prefs files. Games may be
  saved as well; saved games can take full advantage (as easily as
  games in progress) of the unlimited undo and redo feature, which
  allows the user to back up a game step by step even as far as the
  beginning, run it forward again step by step, or "change history"
  by selecting a new move.

  You can obtain Software Till Dawn directly from the author (see
  details below) or on the Internet at:

ftp://mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/info-mac/game/crd/solitaire-till-dawn-20.hqx

  Registered owners of STD 1.0 may obtain the upgrade on their own
  and use it at no further cost. They may also mail a $5 check or
  money order (drawn on a U.S. bank) and a current address; OR a
  blank floppy, self-addressed disk mailer, and sufficient return
  postage, to:

    Semicolon Software
    Solitaire Till Dawn 2.0 Upgrade
    P.O. Box 371
    Cupertino, CA 95015-0371 USA

  The $20 shareware payment should also be sent to that address.
  Although Rick doesn't yet plan to leave his day job, he's been
  pleased to see that STD 2.0 is his quickest shareware seller to
  date.

  Information from:
    Semicolon Software propaganda


Second International WWW Conference
-----------------------------------
  by _Gerard_Martin_ <[e-mail]>

  [Gerard posed an interesting challenge for this article. He loaded
  his original article with many World-Wide Web links, far more
  links than we can reasonably include. Given that TidBITS
  originates in straight text in order to be accessible to so many
  tens of thousands of people, our current method of giving links,
  though explicit, is a bit clumsy when the links come in large
  doses. Our solution to his challenge, at least for the moment, is
  to present visibly what his article looks like in a Web browser
  (one question that comes to mind is, how many links is too many?),
  and to provide the URL to the full article on the Web, replete
  with links. Enjoy. -Adam]

http://www.ucs.usl.edu/~rgm1572/Essays/WWW-Review.html


  Funny thing about being online. You get to wondering where
  everybody is. We all have electronic addresses that say who we are
  in about the same way our postal addresses do. Maybe that's why
  the Second International World-Wide Web (WWW) Conference to be
  held in Chicago, Illinois this October 17-20, 1994 comes less than
  six months after the _First_International_World-Wide_Web_(WWW)_
  _Conference_ held in Geneva, Switzerland last April. The next one
  is already announced for Darmstadt, Germany in April of a rapidly
  approaching 1995. Of course, the dates only matter for people
  planning to attend the event. For the rest of us, the entire
  conference is online in a way that we have never seen before.

  The theme of the conference is "Mosaic and the Web" and the
  conference is among the first to utilize in any grand capacity the
  potential of the Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP). (The
  _37th_IEEE_Midwest_Symposium_on_Circuits_and_Systems_ held last
  August in Lafayette, Louisiana is believed to have been the first
  conference to completely utilize the media rich potential of World
  Wide Web hypermedia - _click_here_ for Cajun music!) For example,
  the entire conference preparation-in-progress is one giant
  compound Web-space document. Every day heralds new additions to
  the event that promises to attract over one thousand Web-surfing
  enthusiasts. This convention is not about hardware and software,
  as the online variation of the _press_release_ will quickly inform
  you. Indeed, this conference is "about a revolution as significant
  as that engendered by the printing press."

  So how does one preview the upcoming World-Wide Web conference
  this Fall? That part's easy. Simply click-link your way to the
  _WWW_Conference_'94_Information_Homepage_.

http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/IT94/IT94Info.html

  The home page addresses a myriad of different interests. Want a
  better view of the careful unfolding of the conference
  preparation? Defer to the _Dates_and_Deadlines_Calendar_. Want to
  read the best _overview_of_the_exploration_into_information_
  _metaphors_ that I have ever read? It's there too. In true carpe
  diem fashion _Birds_of_a_Feather_(BOF)_online_advance_discussion_
  _groups_ are already preparing for the day when they can meet face
  to face to hem and haw over issues involving, among other things,
  real-world publishing and the extensions and auxiliaries of
  Web-based content, retrieval, and mixed media display. There is
  even a category featuring proposals for _additional_BOF_topics_.
  With intermittent offline sessions every six months or so, I see
  no end to these discussions of vision and conundrum that greet
  the basic online existence.

  For those planning to attend the conference, information on
  _theatre_, _restaurants_, _nightlife_, and other _activities_ is
  included. International visitors are extended quick access to
  _important_numbers_in_case_of_diplomatic_need_. Just as easily
  available are _other_important_numbers_ for concerns ranging from
  cellular phone rental to medical emergency referral. _This_is_
  _Chicago_-_where_to_go_and_what_to_see_ offers entrance into these
  and other places of interest to the Chicago-bound Web-surfer.

  For those not planning to attend the conference, virtual
  participation is not only possible but invited. In addition to
  _BOF's_response_index_ and _Daniel_LaLiberte's_HyperNews_,
  feedback is requested for the purpose of _choosing_the_
  _conference_topics_and_events_. For those who simply wish to
  familiarize themselves with the latest reflections and developments,
  there are the _received_papers_online_, which fall under categories
  ranging from _Arts_&_Humanities_ to _Publishing_. It's the makings
  of something for everybody - and in a medium that no one has quite
  experienced before (and one which doesn't require the respiration
  of the oxygen-poor air provided for your convenience by the
  airline of your choice)!


Word 6 Starter Kit
------------------
  by Tonya Engst <[e-mail]>

  After I quit my job as a Word Support Engineer at Microsoft last
  spring, I ignored Word for a few weeks and then plunged into the
  task of writing a book about Word 6. The book, called "Word 6
  Starter Kit for Macintosh Users" (Hayden, ISBN 1-56830-035-2) is
  the result of long days figuring out what was happening between
  the lines in the beta manual and help system in order to have a
  book ready when Microsoft shipped Word 6. Hayden, the publisher,
  having noted the success of Adam's various Internet Starter Kits,
  has decided to do a whole line of Starter Kits, and the Word 6
  Starter Kit is one of the first to join the lineup.

  The Starter Kit book is _not_ an update to my previous "The Word
  Book for Macintosh Users" about Word 5.1. I will update "The Word
  Book," but for now, the Starter Kit comes in at about 300 pages
  and addresses Word from a beginning and intermediate level, with
  an editorial slant on helping people get started (including a
  chapter about installing and upgrading), avoid problems, customize
  commands, and have a clue about what's going on behind the scenes.

  If you are considering using Word 6, read my review of Word 6 in
  TidBITS-239_., and note that to use Word 6 effectively you need a
  68040-based Mac or (until Word ships in native mode) a Power Mac
  7100 or 8100. The main people I worked with at Hayden on the
  Starter Kit used a IIci and a Power Mac 6100, and they found Word
  6 frustrating. I gave up using Word 6 on my Duo 230 and do not
  recommend it unless you have the CPU power.

  That said, if you upgrade to Word 6 and decide you want a Starter
  Kit to help you figure out the new features (or the old ones!),
  they should arrive at bookstores this week, or you can get one at
  a 25 percent TidBITS reader discount by ordering direct through
  Hayden. The list price is $25 (Hayden just switched to whole-
  dollar prices, hooray!), so the discount price comes out at $18.75
  (plus tax and shipping). To get the discount, give the magic code
  WOR6 when you order.

  To read the introduction to the book (which includes a list of
  what I think are the top twenty new features) and receive a form
  for email or fax ordering, send email to <[e-mail]>.

    Hayden Books/Macmillan Computer Publishing -- 800/428-5331
      317/581-3535 -- 800/448-3804 (fax) -- 317-581-3550 (fax)
      <[e-mail]>


Firewalls, Part I
-----------------
  by Jonathan Hue <[e-mail]>

  Stuck behind the corporate firewall with your Macintosh? Part I of
  this two-part article introduces firewalls and describes common
  firewall configurations. Part II explains how to access the
  Internet from behind a firewall with your favorite Mac Internet
  applications, and how to safely access your internal networks from
  the Internet.


**What is a firewall?** A firewall is a collection of components
  (not necessarily a single computer, although a single computer is
  not an uncommon configuration) that protects your company's
  internal networks from attacks from the Internet. A firewall acts
  as a choke-point through which all traffic to and from the
  Internet must pass; it determines which types of traffic are
  allowed between the Internet and the internal network, which types
  are not, and in which directions a given type of traffic may flow.
  A firewall makes it easier to protect internal networks, as it
  represents a single point of exposure - a single machine can be
  secured more easily than an entire network, and having all traffic
  pass through a single point makes it easy to maintain audit trails
  of traffic to and from the Internet.


**Who needs a firewall?** A single Macintosh accessing the
  Internet via a dialup PPP connection to a service provider need
  not hide behind a firewall. Compared to Unix workstations, Macs
  are safer to expose to the Internet, because they run few, if any,
  TCP/IP-based daemons (this assumes your Internet connection does
  not route AppleTalk). If you run any MacTCP daemons (such as Peter
  Lewis's just-updated FTPd 2.3.0), you must make sure the access
  you allow does not permit a malicious intruder to damage your
  system.

ftp://ftp.tidbits.com/pub/tidbits/tisk/tcp/ftpd-23.hqx

  Once you have more than a few machines, or if you have a variety
  of machines running on a private network, it makes sense to
  protect a company's assets by installing a firewall between the
  network and the Internet. A firewall is a cheaper and more
  efficient than securing every computer on a network, and many
  computers become much less usable when configured for high levels
  of security. Where I work, we have over one hundred Unix
  workstations, Macs, and PCs. The decision was easy: we could not
  connect our networks to the Internet until we had a good firewall
  in place.

  Keep in mind that a firewall is just one part of a comprehensive
  computer security plan. A firewall cannot protect you against a
  disgruntled employee walking off with a DAT full of the "corporate
  jewels," nor can it check for the presence of computer viruses in
  programs retrieved via FTP.


**What do common firewalls look like?** One of the most common
  firewall components is the packet screening router, such as a
  Cisco 7000 or Livingston IRX router with packet filtering enabled.
  Packet filtering uses a set of rules to determine what type of
  traffic can pass through the router. Rules are generally based on
  destination address, port [1], and source address. A completely
  made up example of a rule is:

> operation    src addr     dst addr    dst port
> ----------------------------------------------
> permit       *            mailhub     smtp
> deny         *            *           smtp

  This fictitious rule permits any Internet host to send mail to
  your mailhub machine, but prevents mail from being sent directly
  to any other address on the protected network. Packet screening
  routers have the advantage of being configurable to allow almost
  kind of traffic to pass, but typically they cannot maintain
  detailed audit trails, and they sometimes require you to leave
  more "holes" in your firewall than you would like. Only a few
  packet screening routers (such as Firewall 1 from Checkpoint) do
  not have these problems. Packet screening routers are usually not
  used alone; instead, they are used in conjunction with other
  firewall components, such as a bastion host (a highly secure
  machine on your network). Filtering can be set up on the router so
  the outside world can only talk to the bastion host, but not to
  any other machines on the protected network.

  Another common firewall component is the application-level
  gateway, such as Gauntlet from Trusted Information Systems, or
  their freely available Firewall Toolkit running on a dual-homed
  gateway (a computer with two network interfaces, with forwarding
  between the two interfaces disabled for use in a firewall
  application). Application-level gateways are application-specific
  programs which act as proxies, forwarding traffic through the
  firewall for a specific protocol. A separate proxy is required for
  each supported protocol (FTP, Telnet, HTTP, Gopher, and so on).

  Some of the simpler protocols, such as NNTP and AOL's Internet
  access [2], can be proxied with a "generic" gateway. Application
  proxies offer excellent security, as you completely block all
  traffic through the firewall, and since they are application-
  specific, they understand the traffic that passes through them and
  can create detailed audit trails of the traffic they pass. The big
  disadvantage is that a separate proxy must be written for each
  supported program, and it requires detailed knowledge of the
  protocol used in each application to write a proxy.

  The third common firewall component is the circuit-level gateway.
  The most popular example of this is the SOCKS package, originally
  written by David Koblas, now maintained by Ying-Da Lee of NEC.
  Circuit-level gateways have the disadvantage that the application
  generally must be recompiled to use the gateway (a shared library
  implementation of the SOCKS client library has been developed for
  some versions of Unix, removing the need for recompilation on some
  platforms). Recompiling is typically not a problem in the Unix
  world, as almost everyone has a compiler and access to the source
  code of the client they want to "socksify," but recompiling poses
  a significant problem in Macintosh world - even if you have the
  source code, the SOCKS client library is in the form of
  replacement functions for the BSD socket interface, so it isn't
  directly usable on the Macintosh. The advantage of a circuit-level
  gateway is that you can support just about any program which uses
  TCP with just a recompile, and your firewall can block all
  traffic. The SOCKS daemon runs on the firewall to gateway traffic
  through it.


**Which services do I not need to worry about?** Typically, you
  need not worry about email or Usenet news. This is because most
  network administrators will have set up a way to pass SMTP and
  NNTP traffic through the firewall to their internal mail and news
  hubs, and your Mac simply talks to the local SMTP, POP, and NNTP
  servers on the inside of the firewall. To access one of these
  servers on the other side of the firewall, you must talk to your
  network manager.

  In Part II, I plan to discuss how to get popular MacTCP
  applications to work through a firewall, both from the inside out,
  and the outside in.

  [1] A port is a 16-bit number used by TCP/IP to identify a network
  service. Servers are normally found at "well-known" port numbers.
  For example, an SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) server
  (typically Unix sendmail) listens at TCP port number 25. Other
  services with well-known ports are Telnet, FTP, NNTP (Usenet
  news), and Gopher.

  [2] AOL's Internet access uses TCP port number 5190 on host
  <americaonline.aol.com>. You can redirect the AOL software to a
  proxy server on your firewall by editing one of the CCL scripts
  which comes with the AOL software.


Reviews/03-Oct-94
-----------------

* MacWEEK -- 26-Sep-94, Vol. 8, #38
    Word 6.0 -- pg. 1
    VideoShop 3.0 -- pg. 41
    Claris Organizer 1.0 -- pg. 44
    DesignReality 1.0 -- pg. 45
    Fargo PrimeraPro -- pg. 48


$$

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